4. 第一人称主语前缀紧跟着宾语前缀
基库尤语的动词结构的主干，在第三章时已经提过了，除去焦点词素以外，简要来说是
如果时态1的位置没有任何词素，那这个主语前缀有可能和宾语前缀或动词词基去互动。当“我”的主语紧跟着宾语前缀时，这时有一条铁则，即宾语前缀的存在会阻隔几乎所有主语前缀“我”与宾语前缀的融合，并且这时“我”的主语前缀会以ndĩ的样貌存在，比如例句（12）里。
| (12) | Nĩ ndĩmoonire | |
| {nĩ ndĩ-mũ-on-ire} | ||
| 我之前看到过他。 |
唯一的特例是当这个宾语前缀是第二人称单数的“你”时也就是-kũ-，融合还是依旧存在，从而形成一个ngũ-的形态，见例句（14）。但是也要注意到这并非一个音韵学的变形，而是形态学的缘由更深一些，因为同形为-kũ-的第15组名词的宾语前缀在使用时，还是遵循上面提到的铁则，即融合会被阻隔。在本系列文章的上篇我已经提到过了这一点，这里再重新贴一下例句。
| (9)(13) | [Pretext: gũtũ] ndĩkũrore | |
| {ndĩ-kũ-ror-e} | ||
| 让我看看（耳朵） | ||
| (10)(14) | ngũrore | |
| {N-kũ-ror-e} | ||
| 让我看看你 |
5. 第一人称主语前缀紧跟着动词词干
第一人称单数主语前缀的互动最复杂、也是最需要特别说明的也就是这个章节。因为后面紧跟的动词词干起始元素非常多元，元音、辅音的情况都有，并且辅音还分不同的类型，都会造成主语前缀的最终形态发生变化。特别需要强调的是，在一些类别里，动词词干最开始的元素并不是唯一的参数，甚至是动词词干第二音节里的辅音是否是鼻音这一点，都会极大地影响最终情况。
第一个发现动词词干第二个音节的鼻音性（比如动词词干里-C1V1C2V2里C2这个位置）会跨音节地影响前方主语前缀这个现象的，是美国威斯康星州的Patrick R. Bennett的团队。他们将r开头，g开头和元音开头的动词词干略带微戏谑地归类为所谓的“凌乱的一组（the messy ones）”(Bennett et al. 1985c:45)。2015年，美国莱斯大学的Robert Englebretch组织自己的学生和自己编写一本基库尤语的简要语法手册，其中他的学生Anaí Navarro在负责的音韵学的章节把这种鼻音跨音节影响更前方第一人称主语前缀的现象更直观地列举出来，但是她只关注到了后方词素是元音开头的情况。
为了更完整地展现可能的组合，我将他们的发现综合在一起，将动词词干分为四个类别，即（A）与r相关的辅音类别（注：分为第二音节辅音是否为鼻音这两列）（B）辅音吸收的类别（注：N会被后方动词词干完全吸收掉），（C）辅音浊音融合的类别（注：N会和后方动词词干的辅音融合为一个前鼻音化的辅音），和（D）元音的类别（注：与r相关辅音的类别相似，但是首元素为元音），具体每一种搭配文后的表单，具体例句可以根据编号参见附上的档案。在制作这个列表的过程里我加了一些标注，原因是Bennett等人（1985）的作品中有一些地方可能由于语言本身发展和大家所研究方言的不同导致数据有差异，第一个差异是N+roN这样的组合，N（前面那个）就存在把r吸收掉或者被r吸收掉的这些可能，甚至在一个特例(-ronyoka)里后方的鼻音在形态学互动时并没有被认为是一种鼻音。至于原因，是否是因为常用词保留了一些更老旧的变形形式，还是一些新方言的变形有新的演变，还不是很确定。
另一个进行了一些修正的是辅音b开头的动词词干，Bennett et al. 1985当时的数据认定如果N后方出现b（实际上发音接近f或v），这时辅音b会按照自己的发音位置鼻音化成mb，并且他们认为这是一种基库尤语原生的特有变形1，而如果是外来词比如-budithia（词源斯瓦希里语的-fundisha）则变形不同，会将前方的N吸收掉，仍旧保持单独的b的发音。但在我所知的数据里，b开头的基库尤语动词词干词源不少都是外来语，比如-buuta“解雇某人”和-banga“安排某人”分别来自斯瓦希里语的-futa和-panga，-baina“罚钱”来自英语的to fine。不少字典里列出来的b开头的动词词干很多已经被认为过于老旧而不再被使用比如-baaca“给客人提供所需要的东西”或者-babata“掐、捏人的耳朵”。仍旧使用并且也很常见的动词词干也有，比如-baara“仔细看，注释”，但是在这个动词里有比较强的方言差异，比如Kiambu的方言里，“看着我”确实如Bennett et al. 1985和Mugane 1997记录到的那样是“Mbaara!”但是在Nyeri的方言里，实际上并不会发生这种鼻音化的现象，而是依旧和原来的动词词干-baara一样，而且在没有变形之前Nyeri方言里-baara中的b已经接近国际音标里[v]的音。
| (A)与r相关辅音类别 | {N-ra} | nda/naN | (15) |
| {N-ru} | ndu/nuN | (16) | |
| {N-rũ} | ndũ/nũN | (17) | |
| {N-re} | nde/neN | (18) | |
| {N-ri} | ndi/niN | (19) | |
| {N-rĩ} | ndĩ/nĩN | (20) | |
| |- A、B兼有的特例 | {N-ro} | ndo/roN | (21) |
| (B)辅音吸收的类别 | {N-n} | n | (22) |
| {N-ny} | ny | (23) | |
| {N-ng’} | ng’ | (24) | |
| {N-m} | m | (25) | |
| {N-th} | th | (26) | |
| {N-h} | h | (27) | |
| |- B、C兼有的特例 | {N-b} | (m)b | (28) |
| (C)辅音浊音融合的类别 | {N-c} | nj | (29) |
| {N-t} | nd | (30) | |
| {N-k} | ng | (31) | |
| {N-g} | ng/ng’VN | (32) | |
| (D)元音的类别 | {N-a} | nja/nyaN | (33) |
| {N-o} | njo/nyoN | (34) | |
| {N-u} | nju/nyuN | (35) | |
| {N-ũ} | njũ/nyũN | (36) | |
| {N-e} | nje/nyeN | (37) | |
| {N-i} | nji/nyiN | (38) | |
| {N-ĩ} | njĩ((没有发现任何ĩ开头但是第二个音节是鼻音的动词词干，可能是因为ĩ作为表达反身的宾语前缀使用度非常高)) | (39) |
语料数据：
| (15a) | Nĩ ndathĩĩte | |
| {nĩ N-rath-ĩĩte} | ||
| I have [ever] shot (Bennett1985c:32) | ||
| (15b) | ndatha | |
| {N-ratha} | ||
| Shoot me | ||
| (15c) | Ndarame | |
| {N-raram-e} | ||
| shall I roar [?] (Mugane1997:20) | ||
| (15d) | Reke naange! | |
| {reke N-raNG-e} | ||
| Let me trample upon (something). | ||
| (15e) | Reke name Wambui njuĩrĩ | |
| {reke N-raMe Wambui njuĩrĩ} | ||
| Let me plait Wambui’s hairs! | ||
| (16a) | Nĩ ndugĩĩte nyama | |
| {nĩ N-rug-ĩĩte nyama} | ||
| I have cooked meat. | ||
| (16b) | nunumia | |
| {N-ruMia[INITx2]} | ||
| make me sound (Mugane1997:21) | ||
| (17a) | Nĩ ndũũgĩĩte. | |
| {nĩ N-rũũg-ĩĩte} | ||
| I have jumped. (Bennett&1985c:32) | ||
| (17b) | Nonga! | |
| {N-roNGa} | ||
| Correct me | ||
| (17c) | kũũnũma | |
| {kũ-N-rũMa} | ||
| [to] bite me (Bennett&1985c:46) | ||
| (18a) | Nĩ ndegeete. | |
| {nĩ N-reg-ĩĩte} | ||
| I have refused. (Bennett1985:32) | ||
| (18b) | nema | |
| {N-reMa} | ||
| defeat me (Mugane1997:19) | ||
| (19a) | Reke ndikie! | |
| {reke N-riki-e} | ||
| Let me dip in (something)! | ||
| (19b) | Nĩ ningĩĩte. | |
| {nĩ N-riNG-ĩĩte} | ||
| I have hit (Bennett1985c:32) | ||
| (20a) | nĩ ndĩaga | |
| {nĩ N-rĩ-aga} | ||
| I eat (Navarro2015:16) | ||
| (20b) | Nĩ nĩmĩĩte. | |
| {nĩ N-rĩm-ĩĩte} | ||
| I have cultivated (Bennett1985c:32) | ||
| (20c) | nĩnĩmbũra | |
| {N-rĩMBũra[INITx2]} | ||
| inflame me up (Mugane1997:20) | ||
| (21a) | Ndora | |
| {N-ror-a} | ||
| Look at me! | ||
| (21b) | kũndora | |
| {kũ-N-rora} | ||
| [to] look at me (Bennett&1985c:46) | ||
| (21c) | Reke ronje | |
| {reke N-roNJe} | ||
| Let me burble! | ||
| (21d) | Rongora! / Nũngora!2 | |
| {N-rũ[/o]NGora} | ||
| Curse me! | ||
| (21e) | Reke rongore / nũngore! | |
| {reke N-roNGor-e} | ||
| Let me curse! | ||
| (21f) | Ndonyoke? | |
| {N-ronyok-e} | ||
| May I slip away? | ||
| (22a) | nĩ nogeete | |
| {nĩ N-nog-ĩĩte} | ||
| I am tired (Bennett&1985a:221) | ||
| (22b) | kũũnogia | |
| {kũ-N-nogia} | ||
| [to] tire me (Bennett&1985c:44) | ||
| (23a) | Nĩ nyuire thubu wa mahĩndĩ | |
| {nĩ N-nyu-ire thubu wa mahĩndĩ} | ||
| I drank bone soup. (Bennett&1985c:44) | ||
| (23b) | kũũnyiita | |
| {kũ-N-nyiita} | ||
| [to] catch me (Bennett&1985c:44) | ||
| (24a) | kũng’ũrĩkia | |
| {kũ-N-ng’ũrĩkia} | ||
| [to] annoy me (Bennett&1985c:44) | ||
| (24b) | Reke ng’ũrĩkie Kamau! | |
| {reke N-ng’ũriki-e Kamau} | ||
| Let me annoy Kamau! | ||
| (24c) | Ng’ang’ita! | |
| {N-ng’aNG’ita} | ||
| Bite me! | ||
| (25) | kũũmena | |
| {kũ-N-meNa} | ||
| [to] hate me (Bennett&1985c:44) | ||
| (26a) | Reke thiĩ | |
| {reke N-thiĩ} | ||
| let me go! | ||
| (26b) | gũũtheka | |
| {kũ-N-theka} | ||
| [to] laugh at me (Bennett&1985c:44) | ||
| (26c) | Thoomaga thukuru ya andũ agima. | |
| {N-thoom-aga thukuru ya andũ agima} | ||
| I study at the University. (Bennett&1985c:257) | ||
| (27a) | kũũhitha | |
| {kũ-N-hitha} | ||
| [to] hide me (Bennett&1985c:44) | ||
| (27b) | he | |
| {N-he} | ||
| give me (Bennett&1985a:201) | ||
| (27c) | no thiĩ aakorwo nĩ ũkũũhe mbarĩki | |
| {no N-thiĩ aakorwo nĩ ũ-kũũ-N-he mbarĩki} | ||
| I’ll go if you give me castor seed (Bennett&1985a:309) | ||
| (28a) | baina | |
| {N-baina} | ||
| Fine me! | ||
| (28b) | Reke buute Kamau! | |
| {reke N-buut-e Kamau} | ||
| Let me fire Kamau! | ||
| (28c) | kũũbundithia | |
| {kũ-N-bundithia} | ||
| [to] teach me (Bennett&1985c:47) | ||
| (28d) | Reke bange Kamau | |
| {reke N-bang-e Kamau} | ||
| Let me arrange Kamau for something | ||
| (28e) | kũmbaara (?) | |
| {kũ-N-baara} | ||
| look at me (Bennett&1985c:45) | ||
| (28f) | m[b]aina3 (?) | |
| {N-baina} | ||
| fine me (Mugane1997:19) | ||
| (29a) | kũnjiara | |
| {kũ-N-ciara} | ||
| gave [/to give] birth to me (Bennett&1985c:45) | ||
| (29b) | Njũna! | |
| {N-cũna} | ||
| lick me (Mugane1997:20) | ||
| (29c) | Njurie | |
| {N-curi-e} | ||
| Do I hang in the sun? | ||
| (29d) | Reke njame! | |
| {reke N-cam-e} | ||
| Let me have a taste! | ||
| (30a) | Ndũũraga Naikuru | |
| {N-tũũr-aga Naikuru} | ||
| I live in Naikuru (Bennett&1985c:267) | ||
| (30b) | ndema | |
| {N-tema} | ||
| cut me (Mugane1997:20) | ||
| (30c) | kũndũma | |
| {kũ-N-tũma} | ||
| [to] send me (Bennett&1985:45) | ||
| (30d) | Reke ndare! | |
| {reke N-tar-e} | ||
| Let me count! | ||
| (31a) | ngome | |
| {N-kom-e} | ||
| shall I sleep [?] (Mugane1997:20) | ||
| (31b) | kũnginya | |
| {kũ-N-kinya} | ||
| [to] step on me (Bennett&1985c:45) | ||
| (31c) | Ngarie | |
| {N-kari-e} | ||
| Let me to crush with teeth? | ||
| (31d) | Reke ngaanie | |
| {reke N-kaani-e} | ||
| Let me forbid (this)! | ||
| (31e) | kũngeithia | |
| {kũ-N-geithia} | ||
| [to] greet me (Bennett&1985c:45) | ||
| (32a) | ngũrane | |
| {N-gũrane} | ||
| shall I marry (Mugane1997:20) | ||
| (32b) | Ngure kĩndũ! | |
| {N-gur-e kĩndũ} | ||
| May I buy something? | ||
| (32c) | ng’aandia | |
| {N-gaNDia} | ||
| numb me (Mugane1997:19) | ||
| (32d) | kũũng’una | |
| {kũ-N-guNa} | ||
| [to] benefit me (Bennett&1985c:45) | ||
| (32e) | ng’ung’unyaria | |
| {N-gũNYaria(INITx2)} | ||
| shrivel me up (Mugane1997:21) | ||
| (32f) | ng’andie Kamau? | |
| {N-gaNDi-e Kamau} | ||
| Should me numb Kamau? | ||
| (33a) | Reke njathe! | |
| {reke N-ath-e} | ||
| Let me rule! | ||
| (33b) | Reke ngũathe | |
| {reke N-kũ-ath-e} | ||
| Let me rule you! | ||
| (33c) | Reke nyanie! | |
| {reke N-aNi-e} | ||
| Let me cry! | ||
| (34a) | nyuunjuge | |
| {N-uNJug-e} | ||
| I stir [?] (Mugane1997:20) | ||
| (34b) | nĩ nyumaga | |
| {nĩ N-uM-aga} | ||
| I get out (Navarro2015:17) | ||
| (34c) | nyuna | |
| {N-uNa} | ||
| break me (Mugane1997:20) | ||
| (34d) | nyuumbũra | |
| {N-uMBũra} | ||
| reveal me (Mugane1997:20) | ||
| (34e) | Reke njuge | |
| {reke N-ug-e} | ||
| Let me say! | ||
| (34f) | Reke njuhe! | |
| {reke N-uh-e} | ||
| Let me woo with words! | ||
| (34g) | [Kiambu dialect] Ndoimire kuo iyo | |
| {Ndĩ-aa-um-ire kuo iyo} | ||
| I left there the day before yesterday (Bennett&1985c:259) | ||
| (34h) | [Nyeri dialect] Ndaumire kuo iyo | |
| {Ndĩ-aa-um-ire kuo iyo} | ||
| I left there the day before yesterday | ||
| (35a) | nĩ njũũĩ atĩ wĩ gĩtonga | |
| {nĩ N-ũĩ atĩ wĩ gĩtonga} | ||
| I know that you are rich (Bennett&1985c:244) | ||
| (35b) | nĩ njũrĩĩte | |
| {nĩ N-ũr-ĩĩte} | ||
| I have run away (Bennett&c:1985:34) | ||
| (35c) | kũnjũraga | |
| {kũ-N-ũraga} | ||
| [to] kill me (Bennett&1985c:48) | ||
| (35d) | mũtikaanjũrage | |
| {mũ-ti-kaa-N-ũrag-e} | ||
| don’t kill me (Bennett&1985a:201) | ||
| (35e) | kũnjũũria | |
| {kũ-N-ũria} | ||
| [to] ask me (Bennett&1985c:48) | ||
| (35f) | Reke nyũme! | |
| {reke N-ũM-e} | ||
| Let me dry! | ||
| (36a) | Îĩ, nĩ nyendeete ũrutani mũno. | |
| {ĩĩ, nĩ N-end-ĩĩte ũrutani mũno} | ||
| Yes, I like teaching very much (Bennett&1985c:267) | ||
| (36b) | nĩ nyendaga nyama nduge | |
| {nĩ N-eND-aga nyama nduge} | ||
| I like cooked meat (Bennett&1985a:323) | ||
| (36c) | nyeenda | |
| {N-enda} | ||
| love me (Mugane1997:20) | ||
| (36d) | Reke njehute! | |
| {reke N-ehut-e} | ||
| Let me go away! | ||
| (37a) | nĩ njikarĩĩte [thĩ] | |
| {nĩ N-ikar-ĩĩte [thĩ]} | ||
| I have sat down (Bennett&1985a:293) | ||
| (37b) | nĩ nyinaga | |
| {nĩ N-iN-aga} | ||
| I sing (Navarro2015:17) | ||
| (38a) | Njĩke atĩa? | |
| {N-ĩk-e atĩa} | ||
| What am I to do? (Bennett1985c:236) | ||
| (38b) | rĩrĩa njĩrĩgĩĩte, … | |
| {rĩrĩa N-ĩrĩg-ĩĩte} | ||
| When I was there last, … (Bennett&1985c:269) | ||
| (38c) | kũnjĩta | |
| {kũ-N-ĩta} | ||
| [to] call me (Bennett&1985c:46) | ||
| (38d) | kũnjĩĩra | |
| {kũ-N-ĩra} | ||
| [to] call me (Bennett&1985c:48) | ||
| (39a) | nĩ njoreete | |
| {nĩ N-or-ĩĩte} | ||
| I am rotten (Bennett&1985c:34) | ||
| (39b) | njoe | |
| {N-oy-e} | ||
| I should take (Bennett&1985c:35) | ||
| (39c) | nĩ njoire | |
| {nĩ N-oy-ire} | ||
| I took (Bennett&1985:35) | ||
| (39d) | nĩ nyoneete | |
| {nĩ N-oN-ĩĩte} | ||
| I have seen (Bennett&1985c:167) | ||
| (39e) | nĩ nyonaga | |
| {nĩ N-oNa-aga} | ||
| I see (Navarro2015:17) | ||
| (39f) | nĩ nyonire Kamau | |
| {nĩ N-oN-ire Kamau} | ||
| I saw Kamau (Bennett&1985c:183) | ||
| (39g) | kũũnyona | |
| {kũ-N-oNa} | ||
| see me (Bennett&1985c:45) | ||
| (39h) | kwĩyona | |
| {kũ-ĩ-ona} | ||
| see oneself (Bennett&1985c:36) | ||
| (39i) | nyona | |
| {N-oNa} | ||
| see me (Mugane1997:20) |
- 这种举例方式可能也影响了之后写语法书的Mugane（1970） [↩]
- 动词词干-rũngora的开始元音ũ的音位并不稳定，对于认为原型是-rongora的人会选择Rongora!这一命令句的表达 [↩]
- Mugane1997:19拼写为maina，应该是一个拼写错误，应为mbaina [↩]